vault/website/content/docs/configuration/storage/consul.mdx

---
layout: docs
page_title: Consul configuration
description: >-
  Configure Vault backend storage to use a Consul key-value store.
---

> [!IMPORTANT]  
> **Documentation Update:** Product documentation, which were located in this repository under `/website`, are now located in [`hashicorp/web-unified-docs`](https://github.com/hashicorp/web-unified-docs), colocated with all other product documentation. Contributions to this content should be done in the `web-unified-docs` repo, and not this one. Changes made to `/website` content in this repo will not be reflected on the developer.hashicorp.com website.

# Consul configuration for Vault backend storage

The Consul storage backend is used to persist Vault's data in [Consul's][consul]
key-value store. In addition to providing durable storage, inclusion of this
backend will also register Vault as a service in Consul with a default health
check.

@include 'consul-dataplane-compat.mdx'

- **High Availability** – the Consul storage backend supports high availability.

- **HashiCorp Supported** – the Consul storage backend is officially supported
  by HashiCorp.

```hcl
storage "consul" {
  address = "127.0.0.1:8500"
  path    = "vault/"
}
```

Once properly configured, an unsealed Vault installation should be available and
accessible at:

```text
active.vault.service.consul
```

Unsealed Vault instances in standby mode are available at:

```text
standby.vault.service.consul
```

All unsealed Vault instances are available as healthy at:

```text
vault.service.consul
```

Sealed Vault instances will mark themselves as unhealthy to avoid being returned
at Consul's service discovery layer.

Note that if you have configured multiple listeners for Vault, you must specify
which one Consul should advertise to the cluster using [`api_addr`][api-addr]
and [`cluster_addr`][cluster-addr] ([example][listener-example]).

## `consul` parameters

- `address` `(string: "127.0.0.1:8500")` – Specifies the address of the Consul
  agent to communicate with. This can be an IP address, DNS record, or unix
  socket. It is recommended that you communicate with a local Consul agent; do
  not communicate directly with a server.

- `check_timeout` `(string: "5s")` – Specifies the check interval used to send
  health check information back to Consul. This is specified using a label
  suffix like `"30s"` or `"1h"`.

- `consistency_mode` `(string: "default")` – Specifies the Consul
  [consistency mode][consul-consistency]. Possible values are `"default"` or
  `"strong"`.

- `disable_registration` `(string: "false")` – Specifies whether Vault should
  register itself with Consul.

- `max_parallel` `(string: "128")` – Specifies the maximum number of concurrent
  requests to Consul. Make sure that your Consul agents are configured to
  support this level of parallelism, see
  [http_max_conns_per_client](/consul/docs/agent/config/config-files#http_max_conns_per_client).

- `path` `(string: "vault/")` – Specifies the path in Consul's key-value store
  where Vault data will be stored.

- `scheme` `(string: "http")` – Specifies the scheme to use when communicating
  with Consul. This can be set to "http" or "https". It is highly recommended
  you communicate with Consul over https over non-local connections. When
  communicating over a unix socket, this option is ignored.

- `service` `(string: "vault")` – Specifies the name of the service to register
  in Consul.

- `service_tags` `(string: "")` – Specifies a comma-separated list of tags to
  attach to the service registration in Consul.

- `service_meta` `(map[string]string: {})` – Specifies a key-value list of meta tags to
  attach to the service registration in Consul. See [ServiceMeta](/consul/api-docs/catalog#servicemeta) in the Consul docs for more information.

- `service_address` `(string: nil)` – Specifies a service-specific address to
  set on the service registration in Consul. If unset, Vault will use what it
  knows to be the HA redirect address - which is usually desirable. Setting
  this parameter to `""` will tell Consul to leverage the configuration of the
  node the service is registered on dynamically. This could be beneficial if
  you intend to leverage Consul's
  [`translate_wan_addrs`][consul-translate-wan-addrs] parameter.

- `token` `(string: "")` – Specifies the [Consul ACL token][consul-acl] with
  permission to read and write from the `path` in Consul's key-value store.
  This is **not** a Vault token. This can also be provided via the environment
  variable [`CONSUL_HTTP_TOKEN`][consul-token]. See the ACL section below for help.

- `session_ttl` `(string: "15s")` - Specifies the minimum allowed [session
  TTL][consul-session-ttl]. Consul server has a lower limit of 10s on the
  session TTL by default. The value of `session_ttl` here cannot be lesser than
  10s unless the `session_ttl_min` on the consul server's configuration has a
  lesser value.

- `lock_wait_time` `(string: "15s")` - Specifies the wait time before a lock
  acquisition is made. This affects the minimum time it takes to cancel a
  lock acquisition.

The following settings apply when communicating with Consul via an encrypted
connection. You can read more about encrypting Consul connections on the
[Consul encryption page][consul-encryption].

- `tls_ca_file` `(string: "")` – Specifies the path to the CA certificate used
  for Consul communication. This defaults to system bundle if not specified.
  This should be set according to the
  [`ca_file`](/consul/docs/agent/config/config-files#ca_file) setting in
  Consul.

- `tls_cert_file` `(string: "")` (optional) – Specifies the path to the
  certificate for Consul communication. This should be set according to the
  [`cert_file`](/consul/docs/agent/config/config-files#cert_file) setting
  in Consul.

- `tls_key_file` `(string: "")` – Specifies the path to the private key for
  Consul communication. This should be set according to the
  [`key_file`](/consul/docs/agent/config/config-files#key_file) setting
  in Consul.

- `tls_min_version` `(string: "tls12")` – Specifies the minimum TLS version to
  use. Accepted values are `"tls10"`, `"tls11"`, `"tls12"` or `"tls13"`.

- `tls_skip_verify` `(string: "false")` – Disable verification of TLS certificates.
  Using this option is highly discouraged.

## ACLs

If using ACLs in Consul, you'll need appropriate permissions. For Consul 0.8,
the following will work for most use-cases, assuming that your service name is
`vault` and the prefix being used is `vault/`:

```json
{
  "key": {
    "vault/": {
      "policy": "write"
    }
  },
  "service": {
    "vault": {
      "policy": "write"
    }
  },
  "agent": {
    "": {
      "policy": "read"
    }
  },
  "session": {
    "": {
      "policy": "write"
    }
  }
}
```

For Consul 1.4+, the following example takes into account the changed ACL
language:

```json
{
  "key_prefix": {
    "vault/": {
      "policy": "write"
    }
  },
  "service": {
    "vault": {
      "policy": "write"
    }
  },
  "agent_prefix": {
    "": {
      "policy": "read"
    }
  },
  "session_prefix": {
    "": {
      "policy": "write"
    }
  }
}
```

## `consul` examples

### Local agent

This example shows a sample physical backend configuration which communicates
with a local Consul agent running on `127.0.0.1:8500`.

```hcl
storage "consul" {}
```

### Detailed customization

This example shows communicating with Consul on a custom address with an ACL
token.

```hcl
storage "consul" {
  address = "10.5.7.92:8194"
  token   = "abcd1234"
}
```

### Custom storage path

This example shows storing data at a custom path in Consul's key-value store.
This path must be readable and writable by the Consul ACL token, if Consul
configured to use ACLs.

```hcl
storage "consul" {
  path = "vault/"
}
```

### Consul via unix socket

This example shows communicating with Consul over a local unix socket.

```hcl
storage "consul" {
  address = "unix:///tmp/.consul.http.sock"
}
```

### Custom TLS

This example shows using a custom CA, certificate, and key file to securely
communicate with Consul over TLS.

```hcl
storage "consul" {
  scheme        = "https"
  tls_ca_file   = "/etc/pem/vault.ca"
  tls_cert_file = "/etc/pem/vault.cert"
  tls_key_file  = "/etc/pem/vault.key"
}
```

[consul]: https://www.consul.io/ 'Consul by HashiCorp'
[consul-acl]: /consul/docs/guides/acl 'Consul ACLs'
[consul-consistency]: /consul/api-docs/features/consistency 'Consul Consistency Modes'
[consul-encryption]: /consul/docs/agent/encryption 'Consul Encryption'
[consul-translate-wan-addrs]: /consul/docs/agent/options#translate_wan_addrs 'Consul Configuration'
[consul-token]: /consul/docs/commands/acl/set-agent-token#token-lt-value-gt- 'Consul Token'
[consul-session-ttl]: /consul/docs/agent/options#session_ttl_min 'Consul Configuration'
[api-addr]: /vault/docs/configuration#api_addr
[cluster-addr]: /vault/docs/configuration#cluster_addr
[listener-example]: /vault/docs/configuration/listener/tcp#listening-on-multiple-interfaces