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171 lines
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HTML
171 lines
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HTML
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<!-- <h1>Load data into PostgreSQL. Fast.</h1> -->
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<h1>Migrating from MySQL with pgloader</h1><p>If you want to migrate your data over to <a href="http://www.postgresql.org">PostgreSQL</a> from MySQL then pgloader is the tool of choice! </p><p>Most tools around are skipping the main problem with migrating from MySQL, which is to do with the type casting and data sanitizing that needs to be done. pgloader will not leave you alone on those topics. </p><h2>The Command</h2><p>To load data with <a href="http://pgloader.tapoueh.org/">pgloader</a> you need to define in a <em>command</em> the operations in some details. Here's our example for loading the <a href="http://dev.mysql.com/doc/sakila/en/">MySQL Sakila Sample Database</a>: </p><p>Here's our command: </p><pre><code>load database
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from mysql://root@localhost/sakila
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into postgresql:///sakila
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WITH include drop, create tables, no truncate,
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create indexes, reset sequences, foreign keys
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SET maintenance_work_mem to '128MB', work_mem to '12MB', search_path to 'sakila'
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CAST type datetime to timestamptz
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drop default drop not null using zero-dates-to-null,
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type date drop not null drop default using zero-dates-to-null
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MATERIALIZE VIEWS film_list, staff_list
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-- INCLUDING ONLY TABLE NAMES MATCHING ~/film/, 'actor'
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-- EXCLUDING TABLE NAMES MATCHING ~<ory>
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BEFORE LOAD DO
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$$ create schema if not exists sakila; $$; </code></pre><p>You can see the full list of options in the <a href="pgloader.1.html">pgloader reference manual</a>, with a complete description of the options you see here. </p><p>Note that here pgloader will benefit from the meta-data information found in the MySQL database to create a PostgreSQL database capable of hosting the data as described, then load the data. </p><p>In particular, some specific <em>casting rules</em> are given here, to cope with date values such as <code>0000-00-00</code> that MySQL allows and PostgreSQL rejects for not existing in our calendar. It's possible to add per-column casting rules too, which is useful is some of your <code>tinyint</code> are in fact <code>smallint</code> while some others are in fact <code>boolean</code> values. </p><p>Finaly note that we are using the <em>MATERIALIZE VIEWS</em> clause of pgloader: the selected views here will be migrated over to PostgreSQL <em>with their contents</em>. </p><p>It's possible to use the <em>MATERIALIZE VIEWS</em> clause and give both the name and the SQL (in MySQL dialect) definition of view, then pgloader creates the view before loading the data, then drops it again at the end. </p><h2>Loading the data</h2><p>Let's start the <code>pgloader</code> command with our <code>sakila.load</code> command file: </p><pre><code>$ pgloader sakila.load
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... LOG Starting pgloader, log system is ready.
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... LOG Parsing commands from file "/Users/dim/dev/pgloader/test/sakila.load"
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<WARNING: table "xxx" does not exists have been edited away>
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table name read imported errors time
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---------------------- --------- --------- --------- --------------
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before load 1 1 0 0.007s
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fetch meta data 45 45 0 0.402s
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create, drop 0 36 0 0.208s
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---------------------- --------- --------- --------- --------------
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actor 200 200 0 0.071s
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address 603 603 0 0.035s
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category 16 16 0 0.018s
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city 600 600 0 0.037s
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country 109 109 0 0.023s
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customer 599 599 0 0.073s
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film 1000 1000 0 0.135s
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film_actor 5462 5462 0 0.236s
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film_category 1000 1000 0 0.070s
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film_text 1000 1000 0 0.080s
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inventory 4581 4581 0 0.136s
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language 6 6 0 0.036s
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payment 16049 16049 0 0.539s
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rental 16044 16044 0 0.648s
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staff 2 2 0 0.041s
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store 2 2 0 0.036s
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film_list 997 997 0 0.247s
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staff_list 2 2 0 0.135s
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Index Build Completion 0 0 0 0.000s
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---------------------- --------- --------- --------- --------------
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Create Indexes 41 41 0 0.964s
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Reset Sequences 0 1 0 0.035s
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Foreign Keys 22 22 0 0.254s
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---------------------- --------- --------- --------- --------------
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Total import time 48272 48272 0 3.502s </code></pre><p>The <em>WARNING</em> messages we see here are expected as the PostgreSQL database is empty when running the command, and pgloader is using the SQL commands <code>DROP TABLE IF EXISTS</code> when the given command uses the <code>include drop</code> option. </p><p>Note that the output of the command has been edited to facilitate its browsing online. </p> </div>
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