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<h1 id="kube-ingress-aws-controller">kube-ingress-aws-controller<a class="headerlink" href="#kube-ingress-aws-controller" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>This tutorial describes how to use ExternalDNS with the <a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kube-ingress-aws-controller">kube-ingress-aws-controller</a>.</p>
<h2 id="setting-up-externaldns-and-kube-ingress-aws-controller">Setting up ExternalDNS and kube-ingress-aws-controller<a class="headerlink" href="#setting-up-externaldns-and-kube-ingress-aws-controller" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Follow the <a href="../aws/">AWS tutorial</a> to setup ExternalDNS for use in Kubernetes clusters<br />
running in AWS. Specify the <code>source=ingress</code> argument so that ExternalDNS will look<br />
for hostnames in Ingress objects. In addition, you may wish to limit which Ingress<br />
objects are used as an ExternalDNS source via the <code>ingress-class</code> argument, but<br />
this is not required.</p>
<p>For help setting up the Kubernetes Ingress AWS Controller, that can<br />
create ALBs and NLBs, follow the <a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kube-ingress-aws-controller/tree/HEAD/deploy">Setup Guide</a>.</p>
<h3 id="optional-routegroup">Optional RouteGroup<a class="headerlink" href="#optional-routegroup" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h3>
<p><a href="https://opensource.zalando.com/skipper/kubernetes/routegroups/#routegroups">RouteGroup</a> is a CRD, that enables you to do complex routing with<br />
<a href="https://opensource.zalando.com/skipper">Skipper</a>.</p>
<p>First, you have to apply the RouteGroup CRD to your cluster:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>kubectl<span class="w"> </span>apply<span class="w"> </span>-f<span class="w"> </span>https://github.com/zalando/skipper/blob/HEAD/dataclients/kubernetes/deploy/apply/routegroups_crd.yaml
</code></pre></div>
<p>You have to grant all controllers: <a href="https://opensource.zalando.com/skipper">Skipper</a>,<br />
<a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kube-ingress-aws-controller">kube-ingress-aws-controller</a> and external-dns to read the routegroup resource and<br />
kube-ingress-aws-controller to update the status field of a routegroup.<br />
This depends on your RBAC policies, in case you use RBAC, you can use<br />
this for all 3 controllers:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ClusterRole</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">kube-ingress-aws-controller</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">apiGroups</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">networking.k8s.io</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">resources</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ingresses</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">verbs</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">get</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">list</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-14" name="__codelineno-1-14" href="#__codelineno-1-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">watch</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-15" name="__codelineno-1-15" href="#__codelineno-1-15"></a><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">apiGroups</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-16" name="__codelineno-1-16" href="#__codelineno-1-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">extensions</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-17" name="__codelineno-1-17" href="#__codelineno-1-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">networking.k8s.io</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-18" name="__codelineno-1-18" href="#__codelineno-1-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">resources</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-19" name="__codelineno-1-19" href="#__codelineno-1-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ingresses/status</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-20" name="__codelineno-1-20" href="#__codelineno-1-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">verbs</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-21" name="__codelineno-1-21" href="#__codelineno-1-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">patch</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-22" name="__codelineno-1-22" href="#__codelineno-1-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">update</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-23" name="__codelineno-1-23" href="#__codelineno-1-23"></a><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">apiGroups</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-24" name="__codelineno-1-24" href="#__codelineno-1-24"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">zalando.org</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-25" name="__codelineno-1-25" href="#__codelineno-1-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">resources</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-26" name="__codelineno-1-26" href="#__codelineno-1-26"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">routegroups</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-27" name="__codelineno-1-27" href="#__codelineno-1-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">verbs</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-28" name="__codelineno-1-28" href="#__codelineno-1-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">get</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-29" name="__codelineno-1-29" href="#__codelineno-1-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">list</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-30" name="__codelineno-1-30" href="#__codelineno-1-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">watch</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-31" name="__codelineno-1-31" href="#__codelineno-1-31"></a><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">apiGroups</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-32" name="__codelineno-1-32" href="#__codelineno-1-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">zalando.org</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-33" name="__codelineno-1-33" href="#__codelineno-1-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">resources</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-34" name="__codelineno-1-34" href="#__codelineno-1-34"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">routegroups/status</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-35" name="__codelineno-1-35" href="#__codelineno-1-35"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">verbs</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-36" name="__codelineno-1-36" href="#__codelineno-1-36"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">patch</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-37" name="__codelineno-1-37" href="#__codelineno-1-37"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">update</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>See also current RBAC yaml files:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kubernetes-on-aws/blob/dev/cluster/manifests/ingress-controller/01-rbac.yaml">kube-ingress-aws-controller</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kubernetes-on-aws/blob/dev/cluster/manifests/skipper/rbac.yaml">skipper</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kubernetes-on-aws/blob/dev/cluster/manifests/external-dns/01-rbac.yaml">external-dns</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="deploy-an-example-application">Deploy an example application<a class="headerlink" href="#deploy-an-example-application" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Create the following sample &ldquo;echoserver&rdquo; application to demonstrate how<br />
ExternalDNS works with ingress objects, that were created by <a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kube-ingress-aws-controller">kube-ingress-aws-controller</a>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">apps/v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Deployment</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">replicas</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">selector</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">matchLabels</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">template</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">labels</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">containers</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">image</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">gcr.io/google_containers/echoserver:1.4</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">imagePullPolicy</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Always</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">containerPort</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">8080</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="nn">---</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-22" name="__codelineno-2-22" href="#__codelineno-2-22"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-23" name="__codelineno-2-23" href="#__codelineno-2-23"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Service</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-24" name="__codelineno-2-24" href="#__codelineno-2-24"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-25" name="__codelineno-2-25" href="#__codelineno-2-25"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-26" name="__codelineno-2-26" href="#__codelineno-2-26"></a><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-27" name="__codelineno-2-27" href="#__codelineno-2-27"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ports</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-28" name="__codelineno-2-28" href="#__codelineno-2-28"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-29" name="__codelineno-2-29" href="#__codelineno-2-29"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">targetPort</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">8080</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-30" name="__codelineno-2-30" href="#__codelineno-2-30"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">protocol</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">TCP</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-31" name="__codelineno-2-31" href="#__codelineno-2-31"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">ClusterIP</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-32" name="__codelineno-2-32" href="#__codelineno-2-32"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">selector</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-33" name="__codelineno-2-33" href="#__codelineno-2-33"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">app</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>Note that the Service object is of type <code>ClusterIP</code>, because we will<br />
target <a href="https://opensource.zalando.com/skipper">Skipper</a> and do the HTTP routing in Skipper. We don&rsquo;t need<br />
a Service of type <code>LoadBalancer</code> here, since we will be using a shared<br />
skipper-ingress for all Ingress. Skipper use <code>hostNetwork</code> to be able<br />
to get traffic from AWS LoadBalancers EC2 network. ALBs or NLBs, will<br />
be created based on need and will be shared across all ingress as<br />
default.</p>
<h2 id="ingress-examples">Ingress examples<a class="headerlink" href="#ingress-examples" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Create the following Ingress to expose the echoserver application to the Internet.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">networking.k8s.io/v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ingressClassName</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">skipper</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver.mycluster.example.org</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nl">&amp;echoserver_root</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-16" name="__codelineno-3-16" href="#__codelineno-3-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">number</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-17" name="__codelineno-3-17" href="#__codelineno-3-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pathType</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Prefix</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-18" name="__codelineno-3-18" href="#__codelineno-3-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver.example.org</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-19" name="__codelineno-3-19" href="#__codelineno-3-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">*echoserver_root</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>The above should result in the creation of an (ipv4) ALB in AWS which will forward<br />
traffic to skipper which will forward to the echoserver application.</p>
<p>If the <code>--source=ingress</code> argument is specified, then ExternalDNS will create<br />
DNS records based on the hosts specified in ingress objects. The above example<br />
would result in two alias records (A and AAAA) being created for each of the<br />
domains: <code>echoserver.mycluster.example.org</code> and <code>echoserver.example.org</code>. All<br />
four records alias the ALB that is associated with the Ingress object. As the<br />
ALB is IPv4 only, the AAAA alias records have no effect.</p>
<p>If you would like ExternalDNS to not create AAAA records at all, you can add the<br />
following command line parameter: <code>--exclude-record-types=AAAA</code>. Please be<br />
aware, this will disable AAAA record creation even for dualstack enabled load<br />
balancers.</p>
<p>Note that the above example makes use of the YAML anchor feature to avoid having<br />
to repeat the http section for multiple hosts that use the exact same paths. If<br />
this Ingress object will only be fronting one backend Service, we might instead<br />
create the following:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">networking.k8s.io/v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">annotations</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver.mycluster.example.org, echoserver.example.org</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ingressClassName</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">skipper</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">number</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pathType</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Prefix</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>In the above example we create a default path that works for any hostname, and<br />
make use of the <code>external-dns.alpha.kubernetes.io/hostname</code> annotation to create<br />
multiple aliases for the resulting ALB.</p>
<h2 id="nlbs">NLBs<a class="headerlink" href="#nlbs" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>AWS has<br />
<a href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/network/introduction.html">NLBs</a><br />
and <a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kube-ingress-aws-controller">kube-ingress-aws-controller</a> is able to create NLBs instead of ALBs.<br />
The Kubernetes Ingress AWS controller supports the <code>zalando.org/aws-load-balancer-type</code><br />
annotation (which defaults to <code>alb</code>) to determine this. If this annotation is<br />
set to <code>nlb</code> then ExternalDNS will create an NLB instead of an ALB.</p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">networking.k8s.io/v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">annotations</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">zalando.org/aws-load-balancer-type</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">nlb</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ingressClassName</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">skipper</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver.example.org</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">number</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-19" name="__codelineno-5-19" href="#__codelineno-5-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pathType</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Prefix</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>The above Ingress object will result in the creation of an NLB. A<br />
successful create, you can observe in the ingress <code>status</code> field, that is<br />
written by <a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kube-ingress-aws-controller">kube-ingress-aws-controller</a>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-6-1" name="__codelineno-6-1" href="#__codelineno-6-1"></a><span class="nt">status</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-2" name="__codelineno-6-2" href="#__codelineno-6-2"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">loadBalancer</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-3" name="__codelineno-6-3" href="#__codelineno-6-3"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ingress</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-6-4" name="__codelineno-6-4" href="#__codelineno-6-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">hostname</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">kube-ing-lb-atedkrlml7iu-1681027139.$region.elb.amazonaws.com</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>ExternalDNS will create A and AAAA alias records for: <code>echoserver.example.org</code>.<br />
ExternalDNS will use these alias records to automatically maintain IP addresses<br />
of the NLB.</p>
<h2 id="dualstack-load-balancers">Dualstack Load Balancers<a class="headerlink" href="#dualstack-load-balancers" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>AWS <a href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/application/application-load-balancers.html#ip-address-type">supports both IPv4 and &ldquo;dualstack&rdquo; (both IPv4 and IPv6) interfaces for ALBs</a><br />
and <a href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/elasticloadbalancing/latest/network/network-load-balancers.html#ip-address-type">NLBs</a>. The Kubernetes Ingress AWS controller supports the <code>alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/ip-address-type</code><br />
annotation (which defaults to <code>ipv4</code>) to determine this. ExternalDNS creates<br />
both A and AAAA alias DNS records by default, regardless of this annotation.<br />
It&rsquo;s possible to create only A records with the following command line<br />
parameter: <code>--exclude-record-types=AAAA</code></p>
<p>Example:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-7-1" name="__codelineno-7-1" href="#__codelineno-7-1"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">networking.k8s.io/v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-2" name="__codelineno-7-2" href="#__codelineno-7-2"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Ingress</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-3" name="__codelineno-7-3" href="#__codelineno-7-3"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-4" name="__codelineno-7-4" href="#__codelineno-7-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">annotations</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-5" name="__codelineno-7-5" href="#__codelineno-7-5"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">alb.ingress.kubernetes.io/ip-address-type</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">dualstack</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-6" name="__codelineno-7-6" href="#__codelineno-7-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-7" name="__codelineno-7-7" href="#__codelineno-7-7"></a><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-8" name="__codelineno-7-8" href="#__codelineno-7-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">ingressClassName</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">skipper</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-9" name="__codelineno-7-9" href="#__codelineno-7-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">rules</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-10" name="__codelineno-7-10" href="#__codelineno-7-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">host</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver.example.org</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-11" name="__codelineno-7-11" href="#__codelineno-7-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">http</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-12" name="__codelineno-7-12" href="#__codelineno-7-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">paths</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-13" name="__codelineno-7-13" href="#__codelineno-7-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">path</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-14" name="__codelineno-7-14" href="#__codelineno-7-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">backend</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-15" name="__codelineno-7-15" href="#__codelineno-7-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">service</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-16" name="__codelineno-7-16" href="#__codelineno-7-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">echoserver</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-17" name="__codelineno-7-17" href="#__codelineno-7-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">port</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-18" name="__codelineno-7-18" href="#__codelineno-7-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">number</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<a id="__codelineno-7-19" name="__codelineno-7-19" href="#__codelineno-7-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pathType</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Prefix</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>The above Ingress object will result in the creation of an ALB with a dualstack<br />
interface.</p>
<h2 id="routegroup-optional">RouteGroup (optional)<a class="headerlink" href="#routegroup-optional" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p><a href="https://github.com/zalando-incubator/kube-ingress-aws-controller">Kube-ingress-aws-controller</a>, <a href="https://opensource.zalando.com/skipper">Skipper</a> and external-dns<br />
support <a href="https://opensource.zalando.com/skipper/kubernetes/routegroups/#routegroups">RouteGroups</a>. External-dns needs to be started with<br />
<code>--source=skipper-routegroup</code> parameter in order to work on RouteGroup objects.</p>
<p>Here we can not show <a href="https://opensource.zalando.com/skipper/kubernetes/routegroups/">all RouteGroup<br />
capabilities</a>,<br />
but we show one simple example with an application and a custom https<br />
redirect.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-8-1" name="__codelineno-8-1" href="#__codelineno-8-1"></a><span class="nt">apiVersion</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">zalando.org/v1</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-2" name="__codelineno-8-2" href="#__codelineno-8-2"></a><span class="nt">kind</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">RouteGroup</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-3" name="__codelineno-8-3" href="#__codelineno-8-3"></a><span class="nt">metadata</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-4" name="__codelineno-8-4" href="#__codelineno-8-4"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">my-route-group</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-5" name="__codelineno-8-5" href="#__codelineno-8-5"></a><span class="nt">spec</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-6" name="__codelineno-8-6" href="#__codelineno-8-6"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">backends</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-7" name="__codelineno-8-7" href="#__codelineno-8-7"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">my-backend</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-8" name="__codelineno-8-8" href="#__codelineno-8-8"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">service</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-9" name="__codelineno-8-9" href="#__codelineno-8-9"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">serviceName</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">my-service</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-10" name="__codelineno-8-10" href="#__codelineno-8-10"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">servicePort</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">80</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-11" name="__codelineno-8-11" href="#__codelineno-8-11"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">name</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">redirectShunt</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-12" name="__codelineno-8-12" href="#__codelineno-8-12"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">type</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">shunt</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-13" name="__codelineno-8-13" href="#__codelineno-8-13"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">defaultBackends</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-14" name="__codelineno-8-14" href="#__codelineno-8-14"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">backendName</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">my-service</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-15" name="__codelineno-8-15" href="#__codelineno-8-15"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">routes</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-16" name="__codelineno-8-16" href="#__codelineno-8-16"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pathSubtree</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-17" name="__codelineno-8-17" href="#__codelineno-8-17"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">pathSubtree</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">/</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-18" name="__codelineno-8-18" href="#__codelineno-8-18"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">predicates</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-19" name="__codelineno-8-19" href="#__codelineno-8-19"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">Header(&quot;X-Forwarded-Proto&quot;, &quot;http&quot;)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-20" name="__codelineno-8-20" href="#__codelineno-8-20"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">filters</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-21" name="__codelineno-8-21" href="#__codelineno-8-21"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">redirectTo(302, &quot;https:&quot;)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-22" name="__codelineno-8-22" href="#__codelineno-8-22"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="nt">backends</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-8-23" name="__codelineno-8-23" href="#__codelineno-8-23"></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p p-Indicator">-</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="l l-Scalar l-Scalar-Plain">redirectShunt</span>
</code></pre></div>
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