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Add code_style, developer_guide and fix CONTRIBUTING.md (#29210)

Browse Source 
* Remove reference to matrix-js-sdk in code_style.md

* Absorb exisiting documentation from matrix-react-sdk

* Crete a separate developer guide

* Remove sign-off from CONTRIBUTING.md

Since sign-off is irrelevant to element-web repo with the introduction
of CLA.

* Link to the new docs in README

* Elaborate on the rule

* Fix lint
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83
CONTRIBUTING.md
View File

@ -189,89 +189,6 @@ give away to contributors - if you feel that Matrix-branded apparel is missing
from your life, please mail us your shipping address to matrix at matrix.org
and we'll try to fix it :)
## Sign off
In order to have a concrete record that your contribution is intentional
and you agree to license it under the same terms as the project's license, we've
adopted the same lightweight approach that the Linux Kernel
(https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/process/submitting-patches.html), Docker
(https://github.com/docker/docker/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md), and many other
projects use: the DCO (Developer Certificate of Origin:
http://developercertificate.org/). This is a simple declaration that you wrote
the contribution or otherwise have the right to contribute it to Matrix:
```
Developer Certificate of Origin
Version 1.1
Copyright (C) 2004, 2006 The Linux Foundation and its contributors.
660 York Street, Suite 102,
San Francisco, CA 94110 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Developer's Certificate of Origin 1.1
By making a contribution to this project, I certify that:
(a) The contribution was created in whole or in part by me and I
have the right to submit it under the open source license
indicated in the file; or
(b) The contribution is based upon previous work that, to the best
of my knowledge, is covered under an appropriate open source
license and I have the right under that license to submit that
work with modifications, whether created in whole or in part
by me, under the same open source license (unless I am
permitted to submit under a different license), as indicated
in the file; or
(c) The contribution was provided directly to me by some other
person who certified (a), (b) or (c) and I have not modified
it.
(d) I understand and agree that this project and the contribution
are public and that a record of the contribution (including all
personal information I submit with it, including my sign-off) is
maintained indefinitely and may be redistributed consistent with
this project or the open source license(s) involved.
```
If you agree to this for your contribution, then all that's needed is to
include the line in your commit or pull request comment:
```
Signed-off-by: Your Name <your@email.example.org>
```
We accept contributions under a legally identifiable name, such as your name on
government documentation or common-law names (names claimed by legitimate usage
or repute). Unfortunately, we cannot accept anonymous contributions at this
time.
Git allows you to add this signoff automatically when using the `-s` flag to
`git commit`, which uses the name and email set in your `user.name` and
`user.email` git configs.
If you forgot to sign off your commits before making your pull request and are
on Git 2.17+ you can mass signoff using rebase:
```
git rebase --signoff origin/develop
```
## Private sign off
If you would like to provide your legal name privately to the Matrix.org
Foundation (instead of in a public commit or comment), you can do so by emailing
your legal name and a link to the pull request to dco@matrix.org. It helps to
include "sign off" or similar in the subject line. You will then be instructed
further.
Once private sign off is complete, doing so for future contributions will not
be required.
# Review expectations
See https://github.com/element-hq/element-meta/wiki/Review-process

120
README.md
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@ -182,123 +182,11 @@ Dockerfile.
# Development
Before attempting to develop on Element you **must** read the [developer guide
for `matrix-react-sdk`](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-react-sdk#developer-guide), which
also defines the design, architecture and style for Element too.
Please read through the following:
Read the [Choosing an issue](docs/choosing-an-issue.md) page for some guidance
about where to start. Before starting work on a feature, it's best to ensure
your plan aligns well with our vision for Element. Please chat with the team in
[#element-dev:matrix.org](https://matrix.to/#/#element-dev:matrix.org) before
you start so we can ensure it's something we'd be willing to merge.
You should also familiarise yourself with the ["Here be Dragons" guide
](https://docs.google.com/document/d/12jYzvkidrp1h7liEuLIe6BMdU0NUjndUYI971O06ooM)
to the tame & not-so-tame dragons (gotchas) which exist in the codebase.
The idea of Element is to be a relatively lightweight "skin" of customisations on
top of the underlying `matrix-react-sdk`. `matrix-react-sdk` provides both the
higher and lower level React components useful for building Matrix communication
apps using React.
Please note that Element is intended to run correctly without access to the public
internet. So please don't depend on resources (JS libs, CSS, images, fonts)
hosted by external CDNs or servers but instead please package all dependencies
into Element itself.
# Setting up a dev environment
Much of the functionality in Element is actually in the `matrix-js-sdk` module.
It is possible to set these up in a way that makes it easy to track the `develop` branches
in git and to make local changes without having to manually rebuild each time.
First clone and build `matrix-js-sdk`:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-js-sdk.git
pushd matrix-js-sdk
yarn link
yarn install
popd
```
Clone the repo and switch to the `element-web` directory:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/element-hq/element-web.git
cd element-web
```
Configure the app by copying `config.sample.json` to `config.json` and
modifying it. See the [configuration docs](docs/config.md) for details.
Finally, build and start Element itself:
```bash
yarn link matrix-js-sdk
yarn install
yarn start
```
Wait a few seconds for the initial build to finish; you should see something like:
```
[element-js] <s> [webpack.Progress] 100%
[element-js]
[element-js] ℹ ｢wdm｣: 1840 modules
[element-js] ℹ ｢wdm｣: Compiled successfully.
```
Remember, the command will not terminate since it runs the web server
and rebuilds source files when they change. This development server also
disables caching, so do NOT use it in production.
Open <http://127.0.0.1:8080/> in your browser to see your newly built Element.
**Note**: The build script uses inotify by default on Linux to monitor directories
for changes. If the inotify limits are too low your build will fail silently or with
`Error: EMFILE: too many open files`. To avoid these issues, we recommend a watch limit
of at least `128M` and instance limit around `512`.
You may be interested in issues [#15750](https://github.com/element-hq/element-web/issues/15750) and
[#15774](https://github.com/element-hq/element-web/issues/15774) for further details.
To set a new inotify watch and instance limit, execute:
```
sudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_watches=131072
sudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_instances=512
sudo sysctl -p
```
If you wish, you can make the new limits permanent, by executing:
```
echo fs.inotify.max_user_watches=131072 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo fs.inotify.max_user_instances=512 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
sudo sysctl -p
```
---
When you make changes to `matrix-js-sdk` they should be automatically picked up by webpack and built.
If any of these steps error with, `file table overflow`, you are probably on a mac
which has a very low limit on max open files. Run `ulimit -Sn 1024` and try again.
You'll need to do this in each new terminal you open before building Element.
## Running the tests
There are a number of application-level tests in the `tests` directory; these
are designed to run with Jest and JSDOM. To run them
```
yarn test
```
### End-to-End tests
See [matrix-react-sdk](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-react-sdk/#end-to-end-tests) for how to run the end-to-end tests.
1. [Developer guide](./developer_guide.md)
2. [Code style](./code_style.md)
3. [Contribution guide](./CONTRIBUTING.md)
# Translations

82
code_style.md
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@ -5,15 +5,6 @@ adjacent to. As of writing, these are:
- element-desktop
- element-web
- matrix-js-sdk
Other projects might extend this code style for increased strictness. For example, matrix-events-sdk
has stricter code organization to reduce the maintenance burden. These projects will declare their code
style within their own repos.
Note that some requirements will be layer-specific. Where the requirements don't make sense for the
project, they are used to the best of their ability, used in spirit, or ignored if not applicable,
in that order.
## Guiding principles
@ -234,17 +225,19 @@ Unless otherwise specified, the following applies to all code:
Inheriting all the rules of TypeScript, the following additionally apply:
1. Types for lifecycle functions are not required (render, componentDidMount, and so on).
2. Class components must always have a `Props` interface declared immediately above them. It can be
1. Component source files are named with upper camel case (e.g. views/rooms/EventTile.js)
2. They are organised in a typically two-level hierarchy - first whether the component is a view or a structure, and then a broad functional grouping (e.g. 'rooms' here)
3. Types for lifecycle functions are not required (render, componentDidMount, and so on).
4. Class components must always have a `Props` interface declared immediately above them. It can be
empty if the component accepts no props.
3. Class components should have an `State` interface declared immediately above them, but after `Props`.
4. Props and State should not be exported. Use `React.ComponentProps<typeof ComponentNameHere>`
5. Class components should have an `State` interface declared immediately above them, but after `Props`.
6. Props and State should not be exported. Use `React.ComponentProps<typeof ComponentNameHere>`
instead.
5. One component per file, except when a component is a utility component specifically for the "primary"
7. One component per file, except when a component is a utility component specifically for the "primary"
component. The utility component should not be exported.
6. Exported constants, enums, interfaces, functions, etc must be separate from files containing components
8. Exported constants, enums, interfaces, functions, etc must be separate from files containing components
or stores.
7. Stores should use a singleton pattern with a static instance property:
9. Stores should use a singleton pattern with a static instance property:
```typescript
class FooStore {
@ -261,44 +254,41 @@ Inheriting all the rules of TypeScript, the following additionally apply:
}
```
8. Stores must support using an alternative MatrixClient and dispatcher instance.
9. Utilities which require JSX must be split out from utilities which do not. This is to prevent import
cycles during runtime where components accidentally include more of the app than they intended.
10. Interdependence between stores should be kept to a minimum. Break functions and constants out to utilities
10. Stores must support using an alternative MatrixClient and dispatcher instance.
11. Utilities which require JSX must be split out from utilities which do not. This is to prevent import
cycles during runtime where components accidentally include more of the app than they intended.
12. Interdependence between stores should be kept to a minimum. Break functions and constants out to utilities
if at all possible.
11. A component should only use CSS class names in line with the component name.
13. A component should only use CSS class names in line with the component name.
1. When knowingly using a class name from another component, document it with a [comment](#comments).
12. Curly braces within JSX should be padded with a space, however properties on those components should not.
14. Curly braces within JSX should be padded with a space, however properties on those components should not.
See above code example.
13. Functions used as properties should either be defined on the class or stored in a variable. They should not
15. Functions used as properties should either be defined on the class or stored in a variable. They should not
be inline unless mocking/short-circuiting the value.
14. Prefer hooks (functional components) over class components. Be consistent with the existing area if unsure
16. Prefer hooks (functional components) over class components. Be consistent with the existing area if unsure
which should be used.
1. Unless the component is considered a "structure", in which case use classes.
15. Write more views than structures. Structures are chunks of functionality like MatrixChat while views are
17. Write more views than structures. Structures are chunks of functionality like MatrixChat while views are
isolated components.
16. Components should serve a single, or near-single, purpose.
17. Prefer to derive information from component properties rather than establish state.
18. Do not use `React.Component::forceUpdate`.
18. Components should serve a single, or near-single, purpose.
19. Prefer to derive information from component properties rather than establish state.
20. Do not use `React.Component::forceUpdate`.
## Stylesheets (\*.pcss = PostCSS + Plugins)
Note: We use PostCSS + some plugins to process our styles. It looks like SCSS, but actually it is not.
1. Class names must be prefixed with "mx\_".
2. Class names must denote the component which defines them, followed by any context.
The context is not further specified here in terms of meaning or syntax.
Use whatever is appropriate for your implementation use case.
Some examples:
1. `mx_MyFoo`
2. `mx_MyFoo_avatar`
3. `mx_MyFoo_avatarUser`
4. `mx_MyFoo_avatar--user`
3. Use the `$font` variables instead of manual values.
4. Keep indentation/nesting to a minimum. Maximum suggested nesting is 5 layers.
5. Use the whole class name instead of shortcuts:
1. The view's CSS file MUST have the same name as the component (e.g. `view/rooms/_MessageTile.css` for `MessageTile.tsx` component).
2. Per-view CSS is optional - it could choose to inherit all its styling from the context of the rest of the app, although this is unusual.
3. Class names must be prefixed with "mx\_".
4. Class names must strictly denote the component which defines them.
For example: `mx_MyFoo` for `MyFoo` component.
5. Class names for DOM elements within a view which aren't components are named by appending a lower camel case identifier to the view's class name - e.g. .mx_MyFoo_randomDiv is how you'd name the class of an arbitrary div within the MyFoo view.
6. Use the `$font` variables instead of manual values.
7. Keep indentation/nesting to a minimum. Maximum suggested nesting is 5 layers.
8. Use the whole class name instead of shortcuts:
```scss
.mx_MyFoo {
@ -309,7 +299,7 @@ Note: We use PostCSS + some plugins to process our styles. It looks like SCSS, b
}
```
6. Break multiple selectors over multiple lines this way:
9. Break multiple selectors over multiple lines this way:
```scss
.mx_MyFoo,
@ -319,9 +309,9 @@ Note: We use PostCSS + some plugins to process our styles. It looks like SCSS, b
}
```
7. Non-shared variables should use $lowerCamelCase. Shared variables use $dashed-naming.
8. Overrides to Z indexes, adjustments of dimensions/padding with pixels, and so on should all be
[documented](#comments) for what the values mean:
10. Non-shared variables should use $lowerCamelCase. Shared variables use $dashed-naming.
11. Overrides to Z indexes, adjustments of dimensions/padding with pixels, and so on should all be
[documented](#comments) for what the values mean:
```scss
.mx_MyFoo {
@ -331,7 +321,9 @@ Note: We use PostCSS + some plugins to process our styles. It looks like SCSS, b
}
```
9. Avoid the use of `!important`. If `!important` is necessary, add a [comment](#comments) explaining why.
12. Avoid the use of `!important`. If `!important` is necessary, add a [comment](#comments) explaining why.
13. The CSS for a component can override the rules for child components. For instance, .mxRoomList .mx_RoomTile {} would be the selector to override styles of RoomTiles when viewed in the context of a RoomList view. Overrides must be scoped to the View's CSS class - i.e. don't just define .mx_RoomTile {} in RoomList.css - only RoomTile.css is allowed to define its own CSS. Instead, say .mx_RoomList .mx_RoomTile {} to scope the override only to the context of RoomList views. N.B. overrides should be relatively rare as in general CSS inheritance should be enough.
14. Components should render only within the bounding box of their outermost DOM element. Page-absolute positioning and negative CSS margins and similar are generally not cool and stop the component from being reused easily in different places.
## Tests

126
developer_guide.md Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
# Developer Guide
## Development
Read the [Choosing an issue](docs/choosing-an-issue.md) page for some guidance
about where to start. Before starting work on a feature, it's best to ensure
your plan aligns well with our vision for Element. Please chat with the team in
[#element-dev:matrix.org](https://matrix.to/#/#element-dev:matrix.org) before
you start so we can ensure it's something we'd be willing to merge.
You should also familiarise yourself with the ["Here be Dragons" guide
](https://docs.google.com/document/d/12jYzvkidrp1h7liEuLIe6BMdU0NUjndUYI971O06ooM)
to the tame & not-so-tame dragons (gotchas) which exist in the codebase.
Please note that Element is intended to run correctly without access to the public
internet. So please don't depend on resources (JS libs, CSS, images, fonts)
hosted by external CDNs or servers but instead please package all dependencies
into Element itself.
## Setting up a dev environment
Much of the functionality in Element is actually in the `matrix-js-sdk` module.
It is possible to set these up in a way that makes it easy to track the `develop` branches
in git and to make local changes without having to manually rebuild each time.
First clone and build `matrix-js-sdk`:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-js-sdk.git
pushd matrix-js-sdk
yarn link
yarn install
popd
```
Clone the repo and switch to the `element-web` directory:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/element-hq/element-web.git
cd element-web
```
Configure the app by copying `config.sample.json` to `config.json` and
modifying it. See the [configuration docs](docs/config.md) for details.
Finally, build and start Element itself:
```bash
yarn link matrix-js-sdk
yarn install
yarn start
```
Wait a few seconds for the initial build to finish; you should see something like:
```
[element-js] <s> [webpack.Progress] 100%
[element-js]
[element-js] ℹ ｢wdm｣: 1840 modules
[element-js] ℹ ｢wdm｣: Compiled successfully.
```
Remember, the command will not terminate since it runs the web server
and rebuilds source files when they change. This development server also
disables caching, so do NOT use it in production.
Open <http://127.0.0.1:8080/> in your browser to see your newly built Element.
**Note**: The build script uses inotify by default on Linux to monitor directories
for changes. If the inotify limits are too low your build will fail silently or with
`Error: EMFILE: too many open files`. To avoid these issues, we recommend a watch limit
of at least `128M` and instance limit around `512`.
You may be interested in issues [#15750](https://github.com/element-hq/element-web/issues/15750) and
[#15774](https://github.com/element-hq/element-web/issues/15774) for further details.
To set a new inotify watch and instance limit, execute:
```
sudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_watches=131072
sudo sysctl fs.inotify.max_user_instances=512
sudo sysctl -p
```
If you wish, you can make the new limits permanent, by executing:
```
echo fs.inotify.max_user_watches=131072 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
echo fs.inotify.max_user_instances=512 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
sudo sysctl -p
```
---
When you make changes to `matrix-js-sdk` they should be automatically picked up by webpack and built.
If any of these steps error with, `file table overflow`, you are probably on a mac
which has a very low limit on max open files. Run `ulimit -Sn 1024` and try again.
You'll need to do this in each new terminal you open before building Element.
## Running the tests
There are a number of application-level tests in the `tests` directory; these
are designed to run with Jest and JSDOM. To run them
```
yarn test
```
### End-to-End tests
See [matrix-react-sdk](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-react-sdk/#end-to-end-tests) for how to run the end-to-end tests.
## General github guidelines
1. **Pull requests must only be filed against the `develop` branch.**
2. Try to keep your pull requests concise. Split them up if necessary.
3. Ensure that you provide a description that explains the fix/feature and its intent.
## Adding new code
New code should be committed as follows:
- All new components: https://github.com/element-hq/element-web/tree/develop/src/components
- CSS: https://github.com/element-hq/element-web/tree/develop/res/css
- Theme specific CSS & resources: https://github.com/element-hq/element-web/tree/develop/res/themes